Bioethanol Part 6

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Bioethanol Part 6Simultaneous Production of Sugar and Ethanol 89from Sugarcane in China, the Development, Research and Prospect Aspects Sugar sugar combined Ethanol Project product only fuel ethanol product only Sugarcane milled（t/d） 100 100 100 Fuel ethanol (t) - 1 7 Sugar (t) 12 11.5 - Molasses (t) 3 - - Sugar product costs（RMB/t sugar） 4000 3970 - Fuel ethanol product costs （RMB） - 1000 5500 Total costs (RMB) 48000 46655 38500 Fuel ethanol product incomes (RMB) - 8000 56000 Sugar product incomes (RMB) 72000 69000 - Molasses incomes (RMB) 2700 - - Total incomes (RMB) 74700 77000 56000 profits (RMB) 26700 30345 17500Table 4. The profits of the three different modes6. ConclusionsVarious technologies have been identified for immediate increases in the efficiency andsustainability of current and future sugarcane ethanol. In conclusion, recycle utilizationdesign are seems to be suitable for sugarcane bioethanol development, for example,recycling of byproducts of sugarcane in the fields reduces chemical fertilizers applicationrates, reducing water consumption with closure of water-processing circuits and the use ofbagasse to generate electricity or to manufacture bagasse polymer composites (Xu et al.,2010), improving the energy balance of ethanol production; as well as in production andFig. 14. Recycle utilization design for sugarcane bioethanol development90 Bioethanolharvesting processes. At present, we think bagasse is not preferable for directly bioethanolproduction due to their high bioconversion costs. Adequate developed technology isavailable to achieve sustainable sugarcane production and bioethanol. However, theadoption of new technologies requires a favorable economic and political environment thatfacilitates investments in clean technologies. Pollution problems require strict enforcementof legislation and inspection of agricultural and industrial activities.Developing the sugarcane ethanol provides a novel option for utilization of the sugarindustry, and it will be also helpful to the fuel ethanol development in China.7. AcknowledgementsThis research work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China,(NCSTE-2006-JKZX-023), Guangdong Science and Technology Department(2010A010500005) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(10451031601006220). We specially thank Guangdong Key Laboratory of SugarcaneImprovement and Biorefinery, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute forsupporting this research.8. ReferencesAlexander, A.G. (1984). Energy cane as a multiple products alternative. Proceedings Pacific Basin Biofuels Workshop, HonoluluAlexander, A.G. (1997). Production of energy sugarcane. Sugar Journal, 1, 5-79Aquarone, E. (1960). Penicillin and tetracycline as contamination control agents in alcoholic fermentation of sugarcane molasses. Appl Microbiol, 8, 263–268Bardi, E. P. ＆ Koutinas, A. A. (1994). Immobilization of yeast on delignified cellulosic material for room and low-temperature wine making. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 42, 221–226.BNDES. Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social: Sugarcane-based bioethanol: energy for sustainable development / coordination BNDES and CGEE – Rio de Janeiro: BNDES, 2008304 p.BNDES; CGEE (Orgs.). (2008). Sugarcane-based bioethanol: energy for sustainable development. Rio de Janeiro: BNDES, 316 p.Cakar, Z. P., Seker, U. O., Tamerler, C. et al. (2005). Evolutionary engineering of multiple- stress resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Research, 5, 569–578Cerri, C.C., Maia, S.M.F., Galdos, M.V., Cerri, C.E.P., Feigl, B.J. ＆ Bernoux, M.k. (2009) Brazilian greenhouse gas emissions: the importance of agriculture and livestoc. Scientia Agricola. 66, 6,831–843.Chandel, A. K., Chan E.S., Rudravaram, R. et al. (2007). Economics and environmental impact of bioethanol production technologies: an appraisal. Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Review. 2, 1 ...