Giáo trình Speaking 4: Phần 2 - ThS Trần Thị Gia Quý

Tiếp nối phần 1, phần 2 của cuốn Giáo trình Speaking 4 có kết cấu nội dung gồm những chủ điểm và những bài tập thực hành giúp người học có thể đánh giá kỹ năng nói của mình. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo tài liệu.
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Giáo trình Speaking 4: Phần 2 - ThS Trần Thị Gia Quý UNIT 4: PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS I. WARM-UP - Look at the pictures in your book. Can you guess the relationship between the two people in each picture? What are they doing? Look at the gestures they make. How close are they? - Are friends important in your life? Why? Do you have many close friends? Do you have different “circles of friends”? Is it difficult to keep friendship? II. READING Some main ideas: - The dictionary defines the word “friend” as “one attached to another by affection or esteem” - Americans use the word “friend” freely. It is difficult to formulate a precise definition of this word as it is used in the United States. Circle of Friends - It is common for Americans to have different “circles of friends” such as church friends, work friends or sports friends. - “Best friends” are usually two people of the same sex who have known each other for a long time. People usually have more casual friends than close or best friends. Mobility and Friendship - Americans are geographically mobile and learn to develop friendships easily and quickly. - Relationships based on a common activity may fade or end when the activity ends. In these friendships, shared daily experiences form the foundation for the relationship. Enduring friendships develop when individuals have similar interests and a common outlook on life. The high rate of mobility in the United States can explain a great deal about transient (short) friendships. Instant Friendships - Instant friendships may appear to be deep and personal but are really superficial. Friendship and friendliness are not synonymous. Friendliness characterizes much of American daily interaction but is not always an indication of friendship. Strangers may share life histories without any intention of pursuing a relationship. Characterizing instant friendships is the appearance of two people becoming close but, in reality, there is no 17 strong bond between them. Brief encounters do not always imply desire for further contact. Male- Female Relationships - In the United States men and women socialize relatively freely and develop a variety of relationships. Single people of opposite sexes may be close friends and share personal problems with each other without being romantically involved. There are no fixed rules for romantic or intimate relationships but there are restraints. Men and women interact in varying degrees of intensity. Dating may be serious or casual. The commitment and obligations of people who are dating depend principally on the couple’s attitude. - Married men and women sometimes consider each other best friends as well as spouses. They also associate with members of the opposite sex either as couples or independently. This does not mean that there are no constraints on the married men and women. The limitations of these relationships are not always visible but they do exist. Most, but not all, married American couples practice monogamous relationships. Intercultural Friendships - With foreign visitors, Americans may not always be the first ones to begin friendships. However, it is important to know that Americans are receptive to developing friendships with international visitors. It is advisable to approach Americans first to initiate friendships. - A characteristic of American personal relationship is the absence of fixed rules governing them. Therefore, a variety of friendships are possible in the United States. III. COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS Answers: 1. a 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. b 10. c IV. VOCABULARY Some new words: - Esteem (n): respect - Formulate (v): to express or reduce to a formula; to express in a systematic way - Precise (a): clearly expressed; definite; exact - Console (v): comfort - Segregation (n): separation; isolation from a group - Mobile (a): moving, able to be moved, easily and quickly from place to place; easily and often changing 18 - Relocate (v): establish, become established, in a new place or area - Fade (v): go slowly out of view, hearing or the memory; disappear slowly - Enduring (a): lasting - Transient (a): lasting for a short time only; brief - Superficial (a): of or on the surface only; not thorough or profound - Pursue (v): follow - Encounter (n): meeting - Terminate (v): end, cease - Spouse (n): wife or husband - Monogamous (a): having one wife or husband or lover at a time - Isolation (n): the state of being apart or alone Vocabulary Exercises A. Definitions 1. partner 2. precision 3. acquaintances 4. companion 5. formulate 6. consoled 7. segregate 8. esteem B. Multiple Choice 1. d 2. c 3.d 4.a 5. c 6. d 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. c 11. d 12. a 13. a C. Words in Sentences 1. Being faithful to one’s spouse is one precious characteristic needed to be preserved. 2. Monogamous relationships are always important in the society. 3. It is so terrible to live in isolation from other people. 4. To be a successful language learner, you should not be passive in the classroom. 5. This city has a great tourism potential. 6. Overcoming one’ own bad habits is the greatest challenge to each person. D. Word Forms 1. a. references b. reference c. refer 2. a. mobility b. mobile 3. a. superficial b. superficiality c. superficially 4. a. desirable b. desire c. desire d. desirous 5. a. socially b. sociable c. socialize d. social 6. a. intensity b. intense c. intensely d. intensified 7. a. alternate b. alternates c. Alternatively d. alternatives V. CONVERSATIONAL ACTIV ...