Summary of doctoral thesis in Environmental technology: Study on the production of modified biochar and activated carbon derived from corncob and their application in ammonium removal from domestic water

Objectives of this dissertation: Develop the optimal preparation procedure of modified biochar and activated carbon derived from an agricultural byproduct, such as corncob wastes; Investigate the physical and chemical properties of modified biochar and activated carbon; apply modified biochar and activated carbon in removal of ammonium from synthesised and real water under batch and column experiments.
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Summary of doctoral thesis in Environmental technology: Study on the production of modified biochar and activated carbon derived from corncob and their application in ammonium removal from domestic water MINISTRY OF EDUCATION VIETNAM ACADEMY OF AND TRAINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GRADUATE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ………***………. VU THI MAI STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF MODIFIED BIOCHAR AND ACTIVATED CARBON DERIVED FROM CORNCOB AND THEIR APPLICATION IN AMMONIUM REMOVAL FROM DOMESTIC WATER Major: Environmental Engineering Code: 62 52 03 20 SUMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN ENVORONMET TECHNOLOGY Hanoi - 2018 1 The thesis has been completed at: Institute for Environemtal Technology – Graduate university science and technology – Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Science supervisor: 1.Assoc.Prof.Dr Trinh Van Tuyen 2. Assoc.Prof.Dr Doan Dinh Phuong Reviewer 1: …………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… Reviewer 2: …………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… Reviewer 3: …………………………………………………… …………………………………………………… The thesis was defended at National level Council of Thesis Assessment held at Graduate University of Science and Technology – Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology at….on…… Thesis can be futher referred at: -The Library of Graduate University of Science and Technology -National Library of Vietnam 2 INTRODUCTION 1. Background In recent years, groundwater levels in Vietnam have been declining in quantity and quality due to the impacts of climate change and exploitation for economic. Vietnam has abundant surface and ground water resources (the average total runoff is 848 km3/year); however, approximately 6 million Hanoi inhabitants receive 80% of their drinking water from groundwater. Excessive presence of ammonium could negatively affect the quality of groundwater and surface water. Households might suffer potential health risks from using directly water resources with uncontrolled quality. In some areas in Vietnam, groundwater often contains a higher level of iron, manganese, arsenic, ammonium concentrations than the allowable limitation. According to previous reports, the presence of ammonium concentration in groundwater in some areas exceeded the surface water quality standards in Vietnam. Such typical areas are in the northern (i.e., Vinh Phuc, Bac Ninh, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Hanoi provinces) and the south (i.e., Ho Chi Minh City) of Vietnam. Numerous techniques have been applied to remove ammonium ions from environmental bodies, such as ion exchange, membrane technology, adsorption, nitrification-denitrification processes, chemical precipitation, and electrochemical separation. Among these methods, adsorption is considered an effective, inexpensive, and simple technique for removing ammonium from water media. Carbonaceous porous materials—activated carbon and biochar—have been acknowledged as promising adsorbents to remove the various kinds of pollutants (i.e., potentially toxic metals and dyes) from 3 environmental water. According to the literature, however, pristine activated carbon (AC) often exhibits its poor maximum adsorption capacity toward ammonium (i.e., 0.5–5.4 mg/g). Therefore, it is necessary to apply further treatment or modification process to the surface of AC in order to enhance its adsorption capacity to ammonium. According to Statistical Yearbook of Vienam 2015, the planted area and maize production in Hanoi were approximately 21,100 ha and 102,300 tons, while the corresponding data for the whole country were 1,179,300 ha and 5,281,000 tons, respectively. Therefore, corncob wastes can be considered an abundant, renewable, and low-cost byproduct to prepare biochar and AC. Therefore, the study on “Study on the production of modified biochar and activated carbon derived from corncob and their application in ammonium removal from domestic water” was conducted. 2. Objectives of this dissertation □ Develop the optimal preparation procedure of modified biochar and activated carbon derived from an agricultural by- product, such as corncob wastes; □ Investigate the physical and chemical properties of modified biochar and activated carbon; □ Apply modified biochar and activated carbon in removal of ammonium from synthesised and real water under batch and column experiments; □ Propose adsorption mechanism. 4. The composition of the thesis 4 The thesis consists of 101 pages with 38 tables, 50 images, 123 references. The thesis was composed of 3 pages, 37 pages of literature review, 15 pages of research subjects and methods, 44 pages of research results and discussion, conclusion of 2 pages. THESIS CONTENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW Ammonium contamination in ground water, methods of ammonium treatment, overview of methods of biochar production, modification methods in terms of biochar, activated carbon and application of biochar as organic adsorbent, heavy metals and ammonium treatment in water have been summarized. The research results show that: The researches focus on the application of biochar, modified activated carbon for ammonium treatment in water but there have not many researches focusing on the biochar surface modification for the adsorption of ammonium in water. The use of corncob to produce modified biochar for the adsorption of ...