MODERN FRENCH GRAMMAR WORKBOOK – PART 4

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MODERN FRENCH GRAMMAR WORKBOOK – PART 4 The verb group Replace the infinitive in brackets with the tense you think is appropriate. 1 Je lui ai dit que je ne jamais (lire) de poème de Froissart. 2 Après qu’elle (annoncer) la nouvelle, on sut enfin qu’elle démissionnait. 3 Elle dut taper le mémoire à la machine car le prof (ne pas arriver) à déchiffrer son écriture. 4 Elle poussa un soupir de soulagement quand elle (finir). 5 Dès qu’il (remplir) les verres, les étudiants les vidèrent. 6 Il se brossa les dents, quand il (finir) de manager. / This exercise practises the sequence of tenses. Remember: pronouns, and possessive39 adjectives and pronouns, may need to be changed. (i) Put the following sentences into indirect (reported) speech: Example: Elle me dit: ‘Donnez-le-moi!’ > Elle me dit de le lui donner. 1 Elle me dit: ‘Attendez!’ 2 ‘Va chercher son numéro de téléphone!’ 3 ‘Ne conduisez jamais en dépassant la limite de vitesse!’ 4 ‘Taisez-vous!’ (ii) In the following sentences use que for the indirect version: 1 Elle nous dit: ‘Vous devez faire vos devoirs demain.’ 2 ‘Le médecin ne vient pas à la maison.’ 3 ‘Les vacances approchent.’ In the previous exercise the introductory verbs in the main clauses were in the present40 tense (dit) and there was no need to alter the tenses in the dependent clauses when moving from direct into indirect speech. But, if the introductory verbs are in past tenses, the tenses in dependent clauses are usually changed as follows: present > imperfect: perfect > pluperfect: future > conditional or conditional perfect. Adverbs of time may also have to be changed. Change the tense of the introductory verbs in exercises 39(ii), and 47(i)–(iii), into a past tense. 1 for 39(ii) begin, Elle nous disait que . . . 2 for 47(i) begin, Il m’avait demandé si . . . 3 for 47(ii) begin, Elle m’a demandé ce qui/ce que . . . 4 for 47(iii) begin, J’aurais demandé à mon amie . . . / This exercise practises avoiding dire.41 There is a wide range of verbs in French which are much more precise than dire. The function of each verb is clearly indicated in the verb itself: ajouter, préciser, reconnaître, commenter, s’exclamer, s’enthousiasmer, regretter, conclure . . . These verbs – and many more – can be used as introductory verbs. Remember: verbs such as regretter que are followed by the subjunctive. In the following sentences, provide an introductory verb which you think is appropriate. Use the tense indicated in brackets, and make any necessary changes. 1 A cette question nous (future) que nous n’en savons rien. 2 Elles (perfect) aux agents de police qu’elles n’avaient jamais eu de contravention. 21 STRUCTURES 3 Ça ne la gênait plus d’admettre qu’elle adorait son prof de maths, (pluperfect) à sa meilleure amie la veille de l’examen. 4 Le directeur (past historic) que nous aurions dû nous inscrire avant d’assister au cours. 5 L’employé me (perfect) qu’il n’y aurait pas de train le dimanche. 6 Elle lui (present) souvent qu’elle l’aimera toute sa vie. / Consider the following sentence, which is in indirect, or reported, speech:42 Elles ont déclaré qu’elles iraient volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme. Which of the following statements would have been its counterpart in direct speech? Explain why you would answer yes, or no, to each of the following: 1 ‘Nous irons volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 2 ‘Elles iront volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 3 ‘Tu irais volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 4 ‘Elles iraient volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 5 ‘Elle ira volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 6 ‘Nous irions volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 7 ‘Elles vont volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ 8 ‘Nous allions volontiers visiter le Musée de l’Homme.’ / This exercise practises questions. Remember: you can ask questions in various ways:43 you can use inversion, you can use est-ce que (which is usually in a spo ...