PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS IN CHINA AND VIETNAM PART 1

In both countries it became apparent that the transition from a planned to a state-influenced market economy under the control of a communist party is possible, and without simultaneous economic decline.
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PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS IN CHINA AND VIETNAM PART 1PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS IN CHINA AND VIETNAM CHINA STUDIESPublished for the Institute for Chinese Studies University of Oxford EDITORS: GLEN DUDBRIDGE FRANK PIEKE VOLUME 4PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS IN CHINA AND VIETNAM Social and Political Functioning of Strategic Groups BY THOMAS HEBERER TRANSLATED BY TIMOTHY J. GLUCKMAN BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2003This book was first published in German as Unternehmer als strategische Gruppen: Zur sozialen undpolitischen Funktion von Unternehmern in China und Vietnam, Hamburg (Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde) 2001.On the cover: Life-style is an important feature of strategic groups. The photograph shows twomajor entrepreneurs in the Eastern China city of Qingdao on their wedding reception at the end of December 2002. © Copyright by Wang Weimin. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataHeberer, Thomas. Private entrepreneurs in China and Vietnam : social and political functioning of strategic groups / by Thomas Heberer ; translated by Timothy J. Gluckman. p. cm. — (China studies, ISSN 0928-5520 ; v. 4) Text originally written in German, but published first in English. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 90-04-12857-3 (alk. paper) 1. Entrepreneurship—China. 2. Entrepreneurship—Vietnam. 3. Privatization—China. 4. Privatization—Vietnam. 5. Businesspeople—China. 6. Businesspeople—Vietnam. I. Title. II. China studies (Leiden, Netherlands) ; v. 4. HB615.H229 2003 338’.04’0951—dc21 2003051911 ISSN 0928–5520 ISBN 90 04 12857 3 © Copyright 2003 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands CONTENTSFOREWORD ................................................................................................. ix PART ONE: THE APPROACH1. China, Vietnam, Entrepreneurship and Social Change............................ 11.1. Emergence of a new, economic elite .................................................... 11.2. Entrepreneurship and social change ..................................................... 31.3. Research design and structure of this book........................................... 71.4. China and Vietnam: commonalities and differences ............................ 82. Privatization processes in China and Vietnam – precondition for the emerging of new entrepreneurs................................................................ 112.1. Privatization initiatives on the part of peasants through collective action and limited fence-breaking ........................................................ 112.2. Development and state of bottom-up privatization............................... 172.2.1. China.................................................................................................. 182.2.2. Vietnam ............................................................................................. 283. Entrepreneurs as new economic and social actors ................................... 453.1. Entrepreneur as a category.................................................................... 463.2. Entrepreneurs – a deviant group? ........... ...