Phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam: Thực trạng và giải pháp

Bài nghiên cứu luận bàn về quan điểm phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công, thực trạng phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam và đề xuất một số giải pháp nhằm hoàn thiện phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam trong thời gian tới. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo!
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Phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam: Thực trạng và giải pháp INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 DECENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM: SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS PHÂN CẤP QUẢN LÝ ĐẦU TƯ CÔNG TẠI VIỆT NAM: THỰC TRẠNG VÀ GIẢI PHÁP Ngo Ngan Ha, M.A - Nguyen Thi Nguyet, M.A Thuongmai University hann.vcu@gmail.com Abstract Public investment plays the important role in Vietnam’s development, it not only contributes to change the socio-economic, but also to increase the technical infrastructure of the economy and labor productivity. Apart from those positive contributions, public investment in Vietnam still exists many limitations, especially the investment efficiency is low. Besides, the inadequacy in decentralization of public investment management between the central and local government is one of the most interested causes. This paper discusses the perspectives on decentralization of public investment management, the situation and some recommendation for decentralization of public investment management in Vietnam. Keywords: public investment, decentralization, Vietnam Tóm tắt Đầu tư công góp phần làm thay đổi cơ cấu kinh tế - xã hội của Việt Nam, gia tăng cơ sở vật chất kỹ thuật của nền kinh tế, tăng năng suất lao động. Bên cạnh những đóng góp tích cực vào quá trình phát triển đất nước, đầu tư công tại Việt Nam tồn tại nhiều hạn chế, nhất là hiệu quả đầu tư còn thấp. Trong đó, bất cập trong phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công giữa các cấp Trung ương và địa phương là một trong những ngyên nhân được đặc biệt quan tâm. Bài nghiên cứu luận bàn về quan điểm phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công, thực trạng phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam và đề xuất một số giải pháp nhằm hoàn thiện phân cấp quản lý đầu tư công tại Việt Nam trong thời gian tới. Từ khóa: đầu tư công, phân cấp, vietnam 1. Introduction In the process of State management over public investment, the State emphasizes the con- centration of management. The concentration is an attribute of the management over public in- vestment in general and the management of the state in particular. The State management over public investment is understood as the positive impact on public investment management processes in order to achieve certain goals. The concentration is talking about the unity of State management on public investment, rather than concentrating all power on a central goverment, inevitably leads to autocracy, authoritarianism, abuse of power in public investment management. The history has shown that, no State can bring the country to development, increase the efficiency 93 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 of public investment when all rights to govern the country and solve all affairs are concentrated in the central government. Excessive centralized management over public investment can con- strain the efficiency of public investment. But a lack of concentration will lead to the dispersion of resources, which makes the, possibly overlapping functions and tasks in public investment management. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly define what problems the central government deals with in public investment, and which issues to hand over to local goverment. Decentralization of public investment management is understood as the transfer and de- termination of management authorities and responsibilities between the central government and the local government based on the real characteristics and capacity of local goverment through the legal documents. In which, the central government transfers to local authorities on a regular basis, one or a number of tasks and powers for public investment management by issuing legal documents. In Vietnam, the decentralization of public investment management has clearly defined the functions, tasks and implementation resources of the central and local governments in public investment management. This reduces the workload of the central government, thereby further facilitating the macro-level policymaking process. In addition, the decentralization process of public investment management also creates more initiatively for local goverment in implementing public investment activities in accordance with their competence and requirements of duties. However, the decentralization process of public investment management still lacks synchroniza- tion, does not ensure consistency between the decentralized powers and duties with the ability to exercise those rights and the responsibilities of local goverment. That leads to ineffective decen- tralization of public investment management. In the scope of this article, through secondary data, this research focus on analyzing the current situation of decentralization of public investment management relationship of two most important levels of government which are central and local governments and the conditions for decentralizing public investment management in Vietnam. 2. Overview of decentralization of public investment management 2.1. The concept of decentralization of public investment management The investment is the process of using resources in a coordinated time to achieve a defined result or set of goals in a certain socio-economic condition (Le Viet Thai, 2007). Sharpe (1999) argues that the investment means the present firm sacrifice of value in order to achieve (possibly uncertain) future value. The investment can be investment of the State, investment by enterprises and investment in the form o ...